Sinter cake breaker for side discharge batch sintering machines



y 1951 w. KELSEY 2,552,283

SINTER CAKE BREAKER FOR SIDE DISCHARGE BATCH SINTERING MACHINES Filed 001;. 28, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

Walk/ [fa/my w. KELSEY 2,552,283 SINTER CAKE BREAKE FOR SIDE DISCHARGE BATCH SINTERING MACHINES May 8, 1951 Filed Oct. 28, 1949 3 Sheets-Shes; 2

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M y 1951 w. KELSEY SINTER cm: BREAKER FOR SIDE nxsc BATCH SINTERING MACHINES Filed Oct. 28, 1949 HARGE -3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 8, 1951 SINTER CAKE BREAKER FOR SIDE DIS- CHARGE BATCH SINTERING MACHINES Walter Kelsey, New York, N. Y.

Application October 28, 1949, Serial No. 124,216

13 Claims. 1

This invention relates to sinter cake breakers for side discharge batch sintering machines.

The object of this invention is to improve the breaking up of the sinter cake in a batch sintering machine, in which the sinter cake is discharged to one side of the grate, to pass the sinter cake through'a sinter breaking device as it leaves the grate.

Such a batch sintering machine consisting of a fixed horizontal grate, over which the sinter stock surrounded by an oscillating sinter retaining frame is operated in combination with oscillating sinter cake breaker disks, is shown in my application Serial No. 105,571 filed July 19, 1949, and" it makes with the operating device a compact machine, easy to build and operate, and so compact as to be cheaply housed. The machine housing is readily adapted to the collection and disposal of dust ladened air. The broken sinter and fines are run to conveyors for processing and disposal. This machine can be used for sintering ores the same as other well known sintering machines and for sintering fly ash in making that into a useful material for disposal and in the agglomeration of other materials.

The present invention embodies improvements over such a sinterin machine which consist in the novel sinter breaking devices, which are above and below the sinter cake and are disposed to exert vertical pressures arranged staggered horizontally; in the disposition of the same and part thereof in close proximity to a wall of the sinter frame; in the construction of such frame to facilitate the removal of the sinter from the frame; in the transportation of the frame to over the grate and away from the grate; and in the novel chain drive combination to operate the sinter frame without rendering it askew.

The several parts of these improvements, their setting in the structure, their relation to the Fig. 3 is a part section taken on line 33 of Figs. 1 and 2 of breaker disk housing and settin in-the structure, the disks being shown in the position of Figs. 4, 5 and 6; 1 I

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 44 of Fig. 3, showing the upper enddisks and the typical lower disk;

1 Fig.5 is. a section taken on line 5--5 of Fig. 3, showing toothing on a central upper disk;

Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 66 of Fig. 3, showing toothing on a central upper disk, teeth staggered with respect to the teeth on disk, shownin Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged section of one of the end walls of the sinter retaining frame on line l1. of Fig. 1, giving the location of operating chains, the guiding rollers and the end breaker disks; l

Fig. 8 is a diagram of operating chains and connections for the sinter retaining frame and breaker disks.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the various views.

Referring to the drawings, in which the improved sinter cake breaking devices are shown in an environment best suited to, their operation, the said improved breaking devices will be first described.

Referrin more particularly to Fig. 3, an upper set of breaker disks 35, 36 and 31, are mounted on and keyed to an upper horizontal shaft I 8. A lower set of breaker disks 38 are mounted on and keyed to a lower shaft 20 spaced below the upper shaft l8 and substantially in vertical alignment thereto. The disks 35, 36 and 37 are mounted on the upper shaft I8, spaced longitudinally thereof, with each disk in a vertical plane. Likewise, the lower shaft 20 has its disks 38, spaced longitudinally along the hori-' zontal axis of theshaft 20, with each disk in a vertical plane. These vertical planes of the upper disks and of the lower disks are staggered to each other. Disposed in alignment between the peripheries of the upper and lower disks, is the sinter cake 58, which is in a sinter retaining frame, which frame moves from over they grate side ways discharging the sinter thereof, and returns back. Each shaft l8 and 28 is in a fixed position in the breaker disk frame, so that the disks on each shaft will cut into the path of the movin sinter cake 58 (Figs. 3 and 7) within the walls 3| and 29 of the sinter retaining frame. The disks, however, are cut out at their peripheries to clear and mesh with these walls, as these walls passunder or over the disks (Figs. 4, 5 and 6). The staggered disks are power driven and being held in place by the two shafts, contact with and forcibly deflect parts of the moving sinter cake during its path of movement, breaking up the sinter cake. The periphery of that part of the disks in contact with the sinter cake moves at about the same speed and in the same direction as the moving sinter retaining frame and cake.

In Figs. 4,5 and 6, the upper set of oscillating disks 35, 36 and 31 are notched as at 35A, 36A and 31A, so as to spatially mesh with the upper surface of the moving rear side-31 of the sinter frame below the shaft i8, and are :also notched at points as at 35B, 36B, and 313, to spatially mesh with the upper surface of the moving front side 29 of the sinter frame below the shaft l8. This permits these rigid sides to slide under the disks. Likewise the lower set of oscillating disks 38 are notched as shown by the notch 38A to mesh with the lower surface of the moving rear side 3| of thesinter frame above the shaft 20 and notched asshown by thenotch 38B to mesh with the lower surface of the moving front side 29 of the sinter frame when above the shaft 20. The parts of the periphery of each disk between the notched portions and which have longer radii than those of the notched portions, act on the upper and lower surfaces of the moving sinter cake 58, and act during its passage between the disks to press upon and :break up thesinter cake 53. The periphery of the disks contacting such surfaces of the sinter cake may be smooth or toothed; they are herein shown toothed for the upper set and smooth for thelowerset of disks. The outer end disks 35 on the upper shaft 18 have the part of the periphery contacting the sinter on a longer radius than the similar parts of the other disks 36 and 3! on the same shaft [8. Each of these disks 35 (Fig. 4) when toothed has a longer tooth 35a, adjacent to notch 35A than the teeth 35a and 31a. on disks 36 and 31 similarly located, the other teeth on each disk being of the same radius as each leading tooth, the object of this larger disk 35 being to deflect and break off that part of the sinter cakenext-to or closest to the sinterend frames 28 and 36 (Figs. 4, 5 and 7) shoving this broken off part of the sinter cake down and away from the end frames, before the intermediate disks 36 and 37 can complete their deflecting and breaking action. This is done to prevent the building up of an excessive end thrust pressure against the two end frames 28 and 38. Once the sinter cake adjacent the end frames are loosened therefrom, the staggered action of the upper and lower intermediate disks come into action, to break up the body of the sinter cake. All pieces of sinter broken from the sinter cake will have an approximate rectangular shape in a vertical cross section taken on any line in a piece. Consequently a broken off piece of sinter will require more space in which to swing down than was required by the piece while in the sinter cake. Failure to have this extra space results in a longitudinal or lateral pressure between pieces of broken sinter and against the sinter end frames. This pressure gives a crushing action between pieces of sinter producingan unnecessary amount of sinter fines and a useless increase in power consumption. To aid in keeping this end pressure down the grate facing surfaces of the end and rear side sinter frame walls 28, 30 and 31 (Figs. 2, 4 and '7) are sloped from the top downward to the bottom of the walls. These three diverging Walls facilitate the loosening and downward movements of the broken adjacent sinter. The longer radii of the end disks give a greater pressure on the cake compared to the shorter radii of intermediate disks whether toothed or smooth. Also with the time of attack due to the set back of the projection on the adjacent disks, on the sinter cake the breaking down is varied, and as no stress will occur at the same time on all disks, the maximum power required will be low. This variable time of attack is shown in Figs. 5 and 6, in which in disk 35 the point of the first tooth 36a is placed at the reference angle 18A, other teeth following as spaced by the pitch, and in disk 3'1, the point of the first tooth 31a. is placed at a distance of one half the pitch from the reference angle IBA on the disk, other teeth following being spaced with the same pitch. The same effect can be obtained by giving different radii to disks on a shaft. The pointsof contact of the disks 55, 35 and 37 to the sinter cake thus vary in time of application. The circumferential lengthof the section of each disk or the length of arcs between the notch points are substantially equal to the length of the path, front to back, of the sinter cake, since the circumferential drive is equal in length to the linear drive both limited to the length of the path. When the sinter frame has reached its end position away from the grate, and has been relieved of its sinter cake, the sinter frame returns to its position over the grate, the frame sliding under and over the notched parts of the disks, and the disks being in a position to break down the next sinter cake, when said cake is subjected to the pressure of the disks.

Having explained one of the essential features of this improvement, the environment in which the disks are operated will'now be described.

The sinter retaining frame shown in plan in Fig. 1 consists of four parts or'walls framed together, the front wall 29, the rear wall 31 framed rigidly, to form a rectangle, to end Wall 28 and end wall 30, the four walls surrounding the grate 59, over which the sinter cake 58 is formed (Fig. 2). The end walls '28 and 30 extend forward beyond the front Wall '29 as at 28B and 30B (Fig. 1) to keep the frame on a bearing plate when the frame is moved away from the grate. The end walls 30 and 28 extend backward beyond the rear wall 3i, and the extension 38a is pivotally attached to an oscillating operating lever 32. Both extensions 28a and 39a are held in place by guide wheels [9 (Fig. 3), and rollers 45 and (Fig. '7). The sinter frame walls 28, 29 and 38 rest on bearin Strips on suitable bed plates, and wall :31 rests directly on the top of abed plate at the grate level. Side walls 29 and 3| are preferably hollow box form. End walls 28 and 3B are made to act as sinter retaining walls and also .to function as part of the operating device to move the sinter frame to and fro. The sinter retaining frame holds the sinter stock in place on the grate before sintering. The

tops of the four Walls are made to take the sides of the ignition hood when in place for ignition. The frame .acts to enclose the sinter cake and move it from the grate, and pass the sinter cake between the breaker disks, the broken sinter finally falling to the conveyor 50 (Fig. 2). Force is applied to the frame at the end of the end Wall 30 (Fig. 1) 'by the oscillating lever arm 32 moving the frame off of the grate toward the breaker disks. The front side wall 29 acts directly on the sinter cake to shove or push the cake off .of the grate to the breaker disks.

At the end of thesinter discharge action, lever 32 is at line 32A, wall 3| is at 3IA, wall 30 is at 30A, wall 28 is at 28A, and wall 29 is at 29A. Having shoved all of the sinter cake through, the breaker disks force is then reversed, lever 32 shoving the wall 30, and hence the sinter frame back to its original position around the grate.

In Fig. '7, the wall 30 and its setting is more fully shown. The sinter cake 58 resting on grate 59 has a depth equal to the height of wall 30. Disks 35 and 38 are shown diagrammatically in the path of the sinter. The wall 30 has the face toward the grate, sloping down from the top and away from the grate at the grate level. The flange 30D at the top receives the sealing device of the ignition hood, the angle iron 303 bein a guide rail bearing against the wheel I9. The guide bearing face of wheel I9 has the same diameter as the pitch diameter of 23 and 24 wrapped on a chain carrying part I9B of the wheel I9. The pitch diameter is the diameter corresponding to the mean diameter of the chain linkage when wrapped around the wheel. The attached plate 39C is a wearing platerestin on the bearing bar on the bed plate and on the lower guide roller 45 beneath. The edge of this wear plate 300 bears against the horizontal guide roller 44, which :acts as a guide, as heretofore pointed out.

The breaker disks, described before, have their shafts supported in a frame. This breaker disk frame is so constructed as to absorb the vertical sinter breaking stresses and to carry the horizontal stresses to the main structure and to hold the two disk carrying shafts of the two sets of the oscillating breaker disks in fixed positions. This frame shown in Figs. 2 and 3 consists of beams 48 at the top, and beams 41 at the bottom, running the length of the shafting connecting at each end to posts 46, setting on beam 66 of the main structure. Beams 4'! are placed close together to allow space on each side for the falling sinter. Cross beams 50 take the bearings 40 and 4| for the upper shaft I8 and cross beams 49 take the bearings 42 and 43 for the lower shaft 20. Cross beams 5!] are held in line by a horizontal girder with flanges '56 and 56- connecting at each end to beams 51, which connect to the main structure. Cross beams 49 are each connected to beam II, which i part of the main structure. Other necessary and less essential braces and connections to the main structure are not shown. The proper location of the sets of breaker disks vertically will depend on the sinter and the penetration of the disks into the sinter as they are forced together. The disk sets should be so set that the sinter cake will not be pulled down and be forced against the bed plate on the wall I5 beneath the back side of sinter frame wall 3I, and the sinter cake should not be lifted too far above the horizontal as it is discharged from the grate. To readily obtain thi adjustment, shim plates 46F are placed under posts 46, plates 49F placed at the ends of beam 49, and plates 5'IP placed at the ends of beams 51; also shims 50S are placed between beams 50 and beams 48, and shims 49S are placed between beams 49 and beams 41. The center line of the upper and lower shafts of the two sets of disks are parallel and substantially in a vertical line. Lateral adjustments can be readily made in the construction as specified.

The chain drive 22, 23 and 24 shown in diagram Fig. 8 takes the oscillating power that is applied to the backward extension 30a of the end wall 30 of thesinter retaining frame, by

the lever 32". The two disk carrying shafts It and 20 are held infixed position. Disk sets and the supporting frame, are not shown in this diagram. The chains used for this work can be of the crane chain type of suitable size and strength. To provide for adjustments, at least one end of the two connected ends of each chain is to be connected to a chain wheel or pulley or to the sinter retaining frame by a connection having a screw adjusting device, the opposite chain end of each chain to have a common serviceable connection. The screw adjusting devices 22B, 23B, 24B, 26B and 213 for the chains 22, 23, 24, 26 and 2! ar shown in Fig. 8.

To discharge the sinter cake, the lever arm 32 attached to the extension 300. of the wall 39 pulls the sinter retaining frame with the contained sinter cake off of the grate and into the breaker disks zone. As this discharging movement takes place, chain 23 attached to the extension 30a of the wall 30 at point 23A, and which is aligned with and wrapped around wheel I9B, turns this wheel and shaft l8, turning the upper breaker disks, and takes up the slack made in chain 24 by wrapping that chain around wheel I9B. Chain 26 on wheel I9C is unwrapped by the turning of shaft I8 releasing chain 26. This released chain slack is taken up by the movement of end wall extension 28a, to which chain 26 is attached at point 26A. The pitch diameter of wheels ISB and ISO are the same. Wheel I9 with IQB has two chain grooves and a guide bearing face; wheel with ISA has only one chain groove with a guide bearing face. With this discharging movement, chain 22 attached to wall extension 30a at point 22A and aligned with and wrapped around wheel 2|, turns this wheel and shaft 2!], turning the lower breaker disks, and turns the wheel I2A at the opposite end of shaft 20 pulling on chain 2'! connected to wall 28 at point 21A, thus pulling this end of the sinter frame off of the grate at the same time, and at the same rate, as the end of the sinter frame to whichthe lever 32 is attached. This connection from end wall extension 30a through chain 22, wheels '2! and 2IA, shaft 20 and chain 21 connected to the end wall 28 holds the sinter frame from getting into a skew position, equalizing the motion of the two ends 30 and 28 while in the discharging movement. Wheels 2| and HA are of the same pitch diameter and each is grooved to carry a chain.

To return the sinter retaining frame to the position over and around the grate, the reversed motion and power is applied to they end wall extension 30a of the sinter retaining frame by the lever 32. As this reversed movement takes place, chain 24 attached to wall 39 at point 24A and'aligned with and wrapped around wheel I93 turns this wheel and shaft I8 and wheel [9A, and takes up the slack made in chain 23 by wrapping this chain around wheel I913. Wheel IQB has two chain grooves both having the same pitch diameter. Chain 26 on wheel ISC connects to extension 28a at point 26A and pulls this extension 2811. of the sinter frame in this reversed direction, at the same time and at the same rate as the motion of end wall 30. This chain 24 connection from point 24A through wheels I913 and I90 and shaft [8, through chain 26 to extension 280. at point 25A, equalizing the pull holding the sinter frame from getting into a skew position while in the reversed movement. The end wall 28 has connected to it at point 21A the chain 21 wrapped around wheel 2|A onshaft 20, the .zreversed motion of end wall 2-8 turns wheel 121A and shaft 26. Wheel 21 on shaft 20 turnsrto take up'slack made in chain 22 connected :to end wall extension 30a at point 22A. The heaviest .power demand will be during the sinter starting, discharging, and breaking part of the .operation. .It will be noted that this power'is applied to'the functioning partsthrough the end wall extension 3001., and the two chains 22 and 23 giving less stress on any one part by dividing the pull. Divided action is therefore possible .due to the action of the breaker disks on the sintercake. To avoid confusion in pitch diameters, all chains to be of the same size. .It is, of course clear that as the sinterframe passes to and fro, the notched parts of the disks mesh over the walls of the frame as described.

The sinter retaining frame is moved off of the .grate and returned to the position over or around the grate by the action of the oscillating lever 32 connected by pin 32C to the extended end wall Eda of the sinter frame (Fig. 2).. This lever 32 is acted on by the connecting rod 33 at pin'33B, and the top end is connected to guide rod 34 at pin 323. The end wall 35 of the sinter retaining frame moves out and back in a horizontal line held in that position by guide rollers 45. This horizontal action of the bottom of lever 32 from'point 32C to 32D forces the upper end connected to the guide rod 34 at pin 3213 to move up and down in an arc with the fixed pin 34A connection on guide rod 34 as a center. It may be advisable to lighten the load on the guide rollers 45; in that case a counterweight cable can be attached to guide rod 34 and carried by pulleys to the weight inside of the structure. This counterweight device is marked 3 iB. Power is applied to lever 3? by the connecting rod 33 at pin 333; the other end of this rod is connected to pin 33C set in the rim of the driving wheel i. This pin 330 is set on such a diameter and the connections to, and the proportions of the lever 32 are such, that the sinter retaining frame will, at one end of the lever throw, set in to the proper operating place over the grataand at the other end of the lever throw, the grate face of the front side 29 of the sinter frame will place the abutting front edge of the sinter cake between the breaker disks at point 29A in Fig. 1. This fixed driving wheel iii in Fig. 2, is so located in the machine that the connecting rod 33 between pin 33C on wheel 5|, passes across the center 51A of said wheel to connect with lever 32 at pin 3313, while the lever position is such that the sinter frame is in proper operating place over the grate. With the pin 33C located on the arc of the driving wheel 5| as shown, the starting pull on the motor will be a minimum and the space allowed for sto ping the machine will be broadened and still give a reasonably close setting ofthe sinter frame above the grate. The wheel 5% is driven by any suitable means 52 from the pinion '53 on a fixed counter shaft 55. The counter shaft runs in one direction and any applicable means of starting and stopping the power connection can be used.

This sintering machine is in a structure especially designed and built for its use (Fig. 2). The parts immediately connected with the sinter cake breaker in the structure are columns 63 and 65 carrying cross girder .66 (Figs. 1 and 3), this carrying center column :64 and cross beams 61' and 68. Below the breaker, a hopper 8i} and longitudinal beam pieces are 11,12, 1'3, 14 and I5, and above the breaker longitudinal beam pieces 8 6.9 and 10' are provided. The sintering machine installed in this structure, and inclosed as maybe necessary, makes a compact and workable unit.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited'to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

I'claim:

1. In a sinter cake breaker for aside discharge sintering machine having a grate, the combination of a sinter cake retaining frame having side and end walls forhold-ing a sinter cake having upper and .lower surfaces, means for oscillating the frame from over the grate to .away from the same and in return, a shaft above the frame, when away from the grate, an upper set of sinter breaker disks mounted on said shaft above said frame and within the end walls thereof, a second shaft below the frame when away from the grate, a lower set of sinter breaking disks mounted on said second shaft below said frame and Within the end walls thereof, said shafts being horizontal and-parallel to the-said sinter cake frame side walls, said disks having peripheral portions clearing the side walls of the oscillating sinter cake frame, and having peripheries penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of said contained sinter cake; and means for turning the shafts back and forth with the disks thereon.

2. The structure of claim 1, in which the breaker disks of the upper shaft are arranged in spaced relation having outer end breaker disks and intermediate breaker disks, with the said outer end breaker disks having their breaking portion of the periphery of larger radii than the breaking portion of the periphery of the intermediate disks.

3. The structure of claim 1, in which the breaker disksof the upper and lower shafts are spaced longitudinally along the shafts, and the disks of the lower shaft are staggered in relation to the disks of the upper shaft.

4. The structure of claim 1, in which disks are provided with teeth in the breaking portion of their periphery.

5. The structure of claim 1, in which one disk has its radially extending portions set back in circumferentially spaced relation to the radially extending portions of the next adjacent disk.

6. The structure of claim 1, a sinter breaker disk frame, which holds the two shafts of the two sets of turning inter breaker disks in position, an oscillating driving lever connected to the sinter retaining frame, providing means for horizontally oscillating the sinter retaining frame in respect to the breaker disks and disk frame, above the plane of the grate between the two sets of breaker disks and parallel to said grate.

7. The structure of claim 1, a sinter breaker disk frame, supporting by shafts the two said breaker disk sets, aligned drive pulleys on the shafts of the disks, chain drives from the sinter retaining frame ends to the aligned drive pulleys on the shafts, equalizing pulleys on the opposite ends'of said shafts, and equalizer chains from the equalizing power pulleys to the said opposite aligned sinter retaining frame ends.

8. The structure of claim 1, a sinter breaker disk frame for the breaker disks, shafts for the sinter breaking disk sets supported-by said frame, pulleys on saidshaftsand drive chains from the pulleys onopposite ends of the said breaker-disk set shafts to the opposite ends of the sinter retaining frame, said chains running parallel with the end walls of said sinter retaining frame, whereby power exerted on one side of said frame is transferred through the shafts and pulleys to the other side of the frame, to prevent a skew action of said frame.

9. The structure of claim 1, in which an oscillating driving lever is connected with the retaining frame, and has said connection moved to and fro in a horizontal line.

10. The structure of claim 1, in which the two end walls of the sinter retaining frame parallel to the motion of said frame, extend between and beyond the shafts of the two sets of sinter breaking disks, a driving lever connected to one end wall, aligned grooved wheels, and chain drives from this end wall run to and drive said grooved wheels on the disk carrying shafts, the grooved wheels on the opposite ends of the disk carrying shafts drive through chain connections the opposite aligned end wall, thus keeping this wall from taking a skewed position and forcing it to move in unison with the lever driven wall.

11. The structure of claim 1, in which a chain drive wheel is at each end of the upper breaking disk shaft and has an extended guide bearing face on each wheel, the diameter of which face is the same as the pitch diameter of an operating chain on a chain carrying part of said wheel, and a guide rail forming part of the end wall of the sinter retaining frame, the extended guide bearing face on each drive wheel bearing and turning on the said guide rail of the end wall.

12. The structure of claim 1, in which the oscillating sinter retaining frame has a sloping surface for the grate facing surfaces of its two end Walls and of the back side wall, with said sloping surfaces extending from the level of the top downward, away from the grate, to the bottom of said walls of the frame.

13. The structure of claim 1, in which said means oscillating the sinter frame, turns the shaft, of the upper and lower breaker disks, whereby the peripheries of the breaker disks in contact with the sinter cake, move in the same direction and at substantially the same speed, as the sinter cake.

WALTER KELSEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,741,943 Linney Dec. 31, 1929 1,784,658 De Samsonow Dec. 9, 1930 2,178,366 Bruderlin Oct. 31, 1939 

